RF Emissions: FCC Part 15 for China Electronics
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RF emissions are what FCC Part 15 limits — both the intentional radiation from a transmitter and the unintentional emissions every digital board leaks. For electronics from China entering the US market, this splits into two paths: Part 15 SDoC (self-declaration) for many unintentional radiators, and full TCB certification for intentional radiators like Wi-Fi, BLE, and cellular modules.
When you source a wireless product, using a pre-certified module (common with ESP32 and nRF52) lets you inherit its FCC ID and skip the most expensive testing — but only if you respect its antenna and layout conditions. The common pitfall is assuming radiated-emissions testing is optional; even a non-transmitting product with a fast clock can fail Part 15B, so budget a few thousand USD and several weeks at an accredited lab.
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FAQ
What is the difference between FCC SDoC and TCB certification?
SDoC is a self-declaration with test reports, used for most unintentional radiators (Part 15B). Intentional radiators like Wi-Fi and BLE need full TCB certification and an FCC ID. A wireless product usually needs the TCB path.
Can I reuse a module's FCC ID for my finished product?
Yes, if you use a modular-approved transmitter unchanged and follow its integration conditions (antenna, trace, enclosure). Changing the antenna or RF design can require a Class II permissive change or new testing.
How much does FCC emissions testing cost and how long does it take?
Part 15B unintentional-radiator testing often runs a few thousand USD over a couple of weeks; full intentional-radiator certification costs more. Plan it before mass production so a failure can be fixed on the board.
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